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The Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which made a number of changes to the criminal justice system. It was introduced to the House of Commons on 5 February 2014 by Lord Chancellor Chris Grayling and received Royal Assent on 12 February 2015.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2014-15/criminaljusticeandcourts.html )〕 == Provisions == The act's provisions include the following:〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/criminal-justice-and-courts-bill )〕 * Imposing the payment of a charge of up to £600 on those convicted of a criminal offence at the point of conviction. * Making jury misconduct a specific criminal offence with a penalty of up to two years in prison. Four new misconduct laws were included to prevent jurors conducting any research into details of a case, sharing details of the research with other jurors, disclosing details of juror deliberation, and “engaging in other prohibited conduct” such as using evidence not put before the court to decide a case. These are already offences under the Contempt of Court Act 1981.〔 * Raising the maximum age of jurors to 75 (from 70). * Amending the extreme pornography law to ban the possession of pornographic images depicting acts of rape.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/277731/fact-sheet-offence-extreme-pornography.pdf )〕 * Introducing a new offence of being "unlawfully at large" with a punishment of up to two years in prison for criminals who go on the run while serving the non-custodial element of their sentence. * Abolishing automatic early release for those convicted of serious terrorism charges or child rape. * Ending police cautions for child pornography offences or supplying class A drugs as well as in those cases where an offender has been cautioned or convicted for a similar offence in the previous two years. * Allowing single magistrates (rather than a bench of two or three) to preside over "low-level regulatory cases". This provision also allows certain offences to be dealt with by a single magistrate outside of the courtroom.〔 * Creating "secure colleges", a new form of secure educational establishment for young offenders. The first "pathfinder secure college" is expected to open in the East Midlands in 2017.〔 * Restricting the judicial review process to specialist courts working to fixed timetables where only individuals or groups with a financial interest in a case can bring a challenge rather than general issue-based campaigning groups. * Making a whole life order the starting point for murder in the case of the murder of a police or prison officer in the course of their duties.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Criminal Justice and Courts Bill (HL Bill 43) )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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